Uncertainty is our Specialty: Reflect on it, Teach it, Model it (Dr. Cindy Donaldson)

SUMMARY

The skill of managing clinical uncertainty is fundamental to the practice of family medicine, and can be celebrated as a strength of our specialty. It is a teachable skill, best learned through reflective case discussion and by observing one’s teachers and mentors explicitly managing their own uncertainty.

TAKE AWAY TIDBITS

  • Label uncertainty when you and your learner encounter it
    • Explicitly review strategies for dealing with uncertainty with learners
    • Address the feelings associated with uncertainty
    • Model how to handle uncertainty explicitly

SUMMARY

Teaching Strategies for Managing Clinical Uncertainty

  • The skill of managing clinical uncertainty is fundamental to the practice of family medicine, and can be celebrated as a strength of our specialty. It is a teachable skill, best learned through reflective case discussion and by observing one’s teachers and mentors explicitly managing their own uncertainty.
  • Identify the concept of uncertainty right up front at the beginning of any clinical rotation
  • Model managing uncertainty: faculty willingness to disclose gaps in their own knowledge, and then demonstrate how to find answers to questions, has been shown to be an independent predictor of effective teaching
  • Use of “SNAPPS “– learner centered presentation technique that can increase learners expressions of uncertainty thus transforming private thoughts about uncertainty to discussable teaching opportunities.
  • Random case review, using “what if” questions.
  • Specifically identify in and out of appointment strategies

Strategies within Patient Encounters

  • Expect uncertainty
  • Allow the patient to control initial data collection with open ended questions
  • Gather sufficient data
  • Slow down clinical reasoning
  • Identify the patient’s agenda (FIFE, ICE)
  • Sick/not sick?
  • What is most likely, and rule out the serious
  • Clinical decision tools
  • Introduce the possibility of emotional distress contributing to symptoms early on
  • Clinical pause

Strategies Outside Patient Encounters

  • Present case to preceptor, colleague
  • Reflect on cases while charting or at the end of the day, give yourself a “second opinion”
  • Check in with self and acknowledge feelings – be able to forgive yourself and others when managing the unexpected

RESOURCES

Managing uncertainty in general practice supervisor guide

General Practice supervisors Australia

https://gpsupervisorsaustralia.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/Guide_Managing-Uncertainty_Digital.pdf

Primary Care Knowledge Boost Podcast ”Dealing with Uncertainty”

https://www.pckb.org/e/dealing-with-uncertainty-1602494023/

Wolpaw T, Coˆte ́ L, Papp KK, Bordage G. Student uncertainties drive teaching during case presentations: more so with SNAPPS. Acad Med. 2012;87(9):1210–1217.